What is Ubuntu Linux. What is Ubuntu search for multiple drivers
Recently, I have divided Linux distributions into two categories - commercial and developed by regular users. As practice shows, most distributions created by users and communities, except for Debian, are less stable than commercial systems.
Despite the fact that such systems are completely free for regular users, they are more likely to receive updates and have fewer errors. This is quite explained, the developers are also people, and they can not keep track of everything. In our current article, we will review the Ubuntu distribution for canonical distribution.
The Ubuntu operating system from Canonical is a relatively young player in commercial space among Linux distributions. His first release took place in 2004, while two other commercial distributions - SUSE and Red Hat were released in 1992 and 1993 respectively. public specific society.
One of the main differences between Ubuntu and Rehl / OpenSUSE is that the first one from the beginning focused on users' personal computer . Red Hat and SUSE initially did not pay much attention to that desktop version, but not canonical. The company focused on personal computers from the beginning.
Ubuntu is based on Debian, and this is a distribution space according to the size of the community and the effect on the entire ecosystem in free software. It supports several times more packages than any other distribution, and it is based on most distributions. His biggest descendants of Ubuntu and Knoppix have dozens of their successors. Debian - with its stable batch base has become an excellent foundation.
The beginning of the history of Ubuntu.
Mark Shtellworth founded Canonical and Ubuntu for $ 10 million. The name of the distribution is taken from the nguni language, it is difficult to translate it literally, but it means ubuntu the following: We are all cohesive and humane to others, because each of us is all. Mark Proposed quite radical concepts for the world of Linux, which were so very different from what we have now.
Then the developers tried to create a system with an ideal code base, but at that time the system became very sharp under certain people, and unfriendly to beginners. According to researchers for 2006, 98.5% of the free software community was men, while 28% of women worked in the world of patent software. What is the reason? Hostile environment. The developers focused on the code, this environment was hostile to those who could not develop the necessary skills alone.
Ubuntu began to move in a completely different direction. Here, society is of crucial importance. Ubuntu brought the benefit of society over the beauty of the code to the idea of the idea of the idea of the code, and this attracted a new generation of users and developers interested in Linux. The rules of conduct and communication were introduced, which indicated that it was necessary to treat each other with courtesy and respect. Of course, there are still some drawbacks in this regard, but the Ubuntu community works over it.
Road to success
Ubuntu revolutionized the world of Linux distributions for personal computers. Developers took Debian linux. and gave him a comfortable graphical interface . Many before it tried to do the same, it was Libraet, Corel, Lindows, but only Ubuntu became the first and lived. He ranks first in the distrogate chat for several years and has always been in the top five. So why does Ubuntu succeed?
- Very easy installation. Enough to answer a few questions to the installer and after a while you will be ready for the work of the new system;
- Free discs with Ubuntu. You can order free installation disks With Ubuntu with the ship from Canonical, as well as copy and distribute them. In 2011, the program was completed, but for the first time in years, it had an excellent effect;
- LiveCD support in Ubuntu. Live CDs / DVDs have long existed, such as Yggdrasil Linux, SuperRescue CD Peter Anvin and Knoppix. But it was within the framework of the Ubuntu project that the first LiveCD system was implemented, which worked well and beautifully.
- Mark Shtlvor and Jono Bacon - Ubuntu Community Managers. In the early years, mention of these people and Ubuntu was everywhere. They were the first people in Ubuntu, and they were very good at this.
Distinctive features of Ubuntu.
The Ubuntu distribution is now supported by all necessary services that may be needed for enterprise users: servers, clouds, containers, microservices, internet of goods, certified hardware, management tools, commercial support from canonical, training, partnerships.
The Ubuntu distribution itself has several editions for different devices - desktops , Servers, as well as editions with different environments on the desktop. Here are official editions:
- Edubuntu - Ubuntu for utdanning;
- Ubuntu gnome - Ubuntu med gnome;
- Kubuntu - Ubuntu with the KDE environment;
- Ubuntu kylin - Ubuntu, located for China;
- Lubuntu - Ubuntu, which uses LXDE;
- Mythbuntu is designed to create a home theater with mythtv;
- Ubuntu Studio - designed to work with multimedia;
- Xubuntu - Ubuntu with an XFCE desktop environment;
- Ubuntu Mate - Ubuntu med Mate Desktop Environment.
Each editor has their own website and community. By default, Ubuntu is provided by Unity's desktop environment. This is a beautiful shell for Gnome, which was designed specifically for Ubuntu in Canonical. Her main function in the least number of settings and beautiful appearance by default. Here, the menu for all programs is located in the top panel so as not to take up extra space, and the program's start panel and dash menu button are located on the left side of the screen.
But you do not need to use this environment, you can select one of the available ones, just by installing another package for the desired environment, such as Kubuntu-Desktop or Xubuntu-desktop. In addition to device, Canonical also develops another software for Ubuntu, this is an APPORT bug reporting system, Universal Snap packages, development environment mobile applications and much more.
Red Hat and openSUSE always did a great job between their commercial distributions and their free versions - Fedora and OpenSuse. Ubuntu does not, there is no commercial and free version . There are only different support elements for common and long-term problems.
Another feature of Ubuntu is that it is very easy to use distribution. You can just download it and use it, there are no trial periods, you do not need to register. Editions for server, desktop, Ubuntu Core, for Raspberry Pi, all at a distance in one click.
Support
In addition to paid support, you can receive community support, a distribution has many users of different levels of knowledge, you can even say that the largest community among other Linux distributions. You can find a very large amount of resources in the network where you can get help.
Paid support from canonical equivalent model software Free, and pay only for support. The support price is the lowest of all other distributions.
Release cycles and support terms
Ubuntu is produced in two formats of regular and LTS with a long support period - LTS. Releases with a long support period, receive updates for five years. Conventional releases are maintained for nine months. Releases come out every six months. Furthermore, every fourth release is considered LTS and has a long lifespan. When the support period ends, they stop publishing updates, and even security fixes. In each new release, the newest software versions are included in the distribution, but after release you will only receive security updates.
conclusions
Our big overview Ubuntu came up for completion. We did not stop at certain aspects of the user interface or software, which are the same everywhere. More attention was focused on the commercial side of Ubuntu, the history of development and the road to success, as well as the features of this distribution. Are you using Ubuntu on your computer? Why is this this system? Write in the comments!
Ubuntu is a community developed based on the Linux kernel operating system, which is ideal for use on personal computers, laptops and servers. It contains all the necessary programs you need: Internet viewer, office suite Working with texts, spreadsheets and presentations, Internet communication programs and many others.
Promise Ubuntu.
Ubuntu will always be distributed for free, including enterprise versions and security updates.
For Ubuntu, full commercial support from Canonical Ltd. available. and hundreds of companies around the world.
Ubuntu contains the best translations and accessibility tools for the disabled, which exist only in the form of open source software.
C Ubuntu discs contain only free software; We encourage the use of freely distributed and open source software, its improvement and distribution.
The man who first heard the name Ubuntu, quite logically asks the question: "What is it?" Ubuntu Linux. This is a free operating system based on Debian GNU / Linux.
What is the difference between this operating system and the generally accepted and known windows?
Here are the main differences and benefits of Ubuntu:
Free.
"Ubuntu will always and everywhere be distributed for free, including enterprise versions and security updates." So declares her creator Mark Shuttleworth, and the founder of Canonical. Previously, Mark was a developer of another Linux project called Debian, which among linuxoids is considered very stable. It was on Debian and founded Ubuntu. Today, almost every personal computer has Windows installed. And if you take users from the CIS, those who bought a license for the Microsoft system can be counted on your fingers, figuratively. It follows from this that all others are essentially thieves. And using Ubuntu, you are legally using this "operation".
Security .
You can forget like a terrible dream about viruses. Viruses for Linux systems exist, but their number is negligible. Recently, many Windows users have been subject to computer blocking as a result of entering hDD. Virus blackmail. In the warning text, on the screen, you will be asked to pay a selection amount for visiting not very good websites (examples of block amplifiers below).
In the case of Ubuntu, this virus, as well as the rest of the viruses from the world of Windows, will not be able to make the operating system. Personally, I do not use antivirus for more than two years.
Equipment support.
Practically in 90% of cases, after installing Ubuntu on your computer or laptop, you immediately work the network, there is sound, the screen resolution of the desired size, Wi-Fi, printers, etc., the system works itself, without your help , downloads the required drivers from your server ().
Although there are some .
Readiness to work immediately after installation .
Right after windows installations , in your system can not work audio and not played video, can not open pDF files, DOC, DJVU, etc., you will not be able to open the 7ZIP, RAR, ZIP archives due to the lack of the required codecs and programs. But in the case of Ubuntu, all these files and archives work what is called "out of the box". The operating system immediately after you install is ready to work with Audio Video Files, Common Archives, text documents etc.
Stability .
Unlike Windows, Ubuntu and other systems based on kernel Linux. , Work much more stable. There are no such cases when the HUNG program can "set" the whole system. If the program folus, you will just "kill it" and continue working. Usually, Ubuntu can work for several months, without rebooting, and no "brakes" and "freezing" are observed.
The ability to launch the application from Windows.
It is a wine program as part of Ubuntu. This is a kind of program that acts as a layman between Linux and Win applications. A kind of medium emulator for programs and games from the world of Windows. It is the official website of the wine project, where there are statistics of games and applications that are managed, or almost not ready to install in Ubuntu. These applications are divided into categories. In the categories of platinum and gold, games and programs installed and work without problems are indicated.
There is also a Playonlinux program that uses the aforementioned wine, and with its help you can install a large selection of programs, and main games. This program will be more suitable for a newcomer in Ubuntu. It is enough to download the game, from the list of program to hard, and then the case of technology. The list of games is very large.
Ubuntu Application Center.
There are such repositories and libraries that are destroyed for simplicity in the category (internet, office, audio-video, system, games, etc.), and there are tens of thousands. Semit. the required program And you just enter your personal password, you can easily install the program without any problems. While in Windows, click the OK button, either way. Fix ubuntu software center install stuck
Many of the programs you liked in Windows work, also well in Ubuntu. Here you will find Firefox, Google Chrome. , Chrome, Opera, Skype, Audacity, Blender, Gimp, Inkscape, VLC, Filezilla, LibreOffice and so on.
Save all your data.
In Windows, all the program settings, browser bookmarks, the My Documents folder is on S. Many users love to store documents, pictures, music, etc. On the desktop, which by the way is also on the S. disk after the system crash, or errors after the power supply, which Due to viruses, Windows usually refuses to load and this means you have to install the system from scratch. So all your data that was on your desktop and in other disk folders will disappear.
In Ubuntu, it does not threaten you. Why? Because settings for all programs, browser bookmarks, all folders, type: My documents, music, photos, as well as desktops, are not on the system section of the disk! (Although it is previously necessary to place the disk). And this suggests that even after a complete installation of the system, all your important and not huge files will remain safe and uncanny.
Large range of appearance of the system.
You have the ability to change the lookSystems (surrounded by the desk) to your liking. At this time, Ubuntu is using its enterprise graphics environment. But in the Ubunt family, there are distributions that use a different graphical environment (LXDE, KDE, GNOME, XFCE). You can change the look of Ubuntu, download and install the desired shell, or insert a collection from the Ubuntu family (Kubuntu user KDE, Lubuntu user LXDE, Xubuntu-USES XFCE, Ubuntu Gnome-USES Gnome or Install distribution Linux, Mint, which is based on Ubuntu and uses buddy, Cinamon, KDE graphical environment, etc.)
Ubuntu - humanity
According to Canonical, about 20 million people can enjoy this system, and with China's transition to the state level on Ubuntu, it is even more difficult to calculate the total number of users, making it the most popular among Linux systems. You can use a disc or flash drive with Ubunta as your Live CD. If you take the exact translation of the value of Ubuntu, then with African (Zulu) it means - humanity against other people. And with every version of the system, there is visibly not an armed look. You can install it on a disk with Windows, and there will be two systems at your disposal.
In Ubuntu you can do everything as before in Windows:
- listen to music
- watch movies
- download files from Torrent Trackers
- engage in video editing
- create slideshow
- edit electronic tables, text files and presentations
- process audio and video files
- code video files to popular formats (AVI, DVD, MKV, MP4)
- code audio files to popular formats (MP3, Audio CD, OGG, WAV, FLAC)
- control the Internet Internet (Firefox, Google Chrome, Chromium, Opera ...)
- process and catalog your photos
- work with places
- send and receive emails
- communicate with friends in Skype
- run many windows applications
- write desktops and screenshots
- work with archives
- full support for ISO images
- write CDs / DVDs
- record video with camcorders
- and much more
Many Windows users still think naively as Linux "Ourser" only for programmers and system administrators . This is a misunderstanding. Ubuntu Linux has long been not in the role of capture And most likely in the role of an ideal system that adopted the best moments from the MacOS X operating system, from the well-known company Apple, which is still considered a reference system from all existing. Recent tests in terms of performance between MacOS and Ubuntu brought Ubuntu the winner in this dispute.
Canonical and his unwanted leader Mark Shuttleworth created operating system Which of all Linux distributions went a long way and made a major contribution to the popularization of Linux. Since 2021, the Ubuntu version is shown for tablets as well as for mobile phones . Canonical Company is the only one that produces operating systems based on the Linux kernel, for computers, laptops, tablets, mobile devices , as well as smart TVs.
Spill i Ubuntu.
Until recently, it was believed that games for Linux systems do not exist, and if they are, then this is a parody of the game. But the situation changes dramatically and very quickly. Recently, the game client Steam for Linux appeared . , from the valve. One of the developers of this company said that the new windows 8 with a crash failed as a game system. In this dispute, Ubuntu 13.04 seems much more preferable than the handicap from Microsoft. Therefore, it was decided to create a game client for Linux. Many games have already been ported for this environment, and the work is just the beginning. Therefore, it is already possible to say with confidence that Ubuntu will be a gaming platform.
These games are already available:
- Serious Sam 3: BFE,
- Step 2, Amnesia: The Darkness. Pedigree
- Steel Storm, Solar 2,
- Crusader Kings II,
- Half life 2
- Team Fortress 2,
- Left 4 dead 2,
- Counterattack,
- Counter Strike Source,
- Counter-Strike: State Zero,
- Portal
- Day of Defeat: Source,
- Postal.
- Postcode 2,
- Bastion
- Day of defeat,
- X3: Terran konflikt,
- Anomali: Warzone Earth,
- Penumbra Overture,
- X3: Albion Prelude,
- COGS, Expeditions: Conquistador,
- Run floor,
- Champions of Regnum
And this is not the entire list of supported games. Currently, and this is the beginning of August 2021, the list for Linux has more than 140 games. This list is continuously updated.
Main features of the Ubuntu distribution :
- work stability - the system is often used on highly loaded servers. The OS system does not require frequent computer restarts, even in the case of updates, installation or removal of programs.
- secure system that does not require antivirus . To get the virus, it will be very trying to really if you are using the Ubuntu distribution.
- free OS. - Installation takes place in several clicks, the network is full of versions for free download You do not need to enter any keys, you can use on several computers at the same time.
- nice and understandable interface - a large number of free themes and effects , for every taste and color.
- fast installation without effort - with the advent of new versions install ubuntu. Everything is simplified What attracts inexperienced users. The main software and drivers are installed immediately and practically automatically, as a result, you get ready for operating OS. In addition, automatic updating is suggested.
- and agreement for beginners - All settings and installations are performed at an intuitive level. Through a specialized package manager Synaptic installation runs necessary programs . It has reviews, descriptions and reviews of programs.
- The stability of the work is provided by a pearboring command support that quickly finds and eliminates errors.
- system predictability - each new release comes out with a periodicity of 6 months , users always have access to the fresh version of the operating system.
- perfectly gets around on a PC with other OS, such as Windows.
- this version promises the long-term Support;
- support function for larger resolution monitors - FullHD;
- the presence of two new arm64 and powerpc64 architectures;
- support for trim commands for hardware storage devices is present by default;
- nvidia optimus technology optimized;
- linux kernel 3.13 along with deadline I / O Scheduler;
- including Python 3.4 library sets;
- using oxide you can run the program directly from the desktop;
- qualitatively updated LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird.
Download the ISO image can be completely free and legal on the website of the official developer. In addition, the proliferation of this operating system by some methods is also legal. In the process of installing Ubuntu drivers, additional applications are automatically installed . For example, browser Firefox. With Thunderbird Post, Rhythmbox Audio Player and Totem Video Player, Transmission Torrent Client, a full version of LibreOffice. For the first work with these applications, it will be enough.
Disadvantages of Ubuntu. :
If you use a specific software, that analog may not be in Ubuntu, and Windows OS will not be able to fully. But you should not forget the emulator Vin which allows you to run Ubuntu software from Windows. For lovers, Igor Ubuntu will not be so high quality compared to Windows, since the number of games for her is much smaller and their quality makes it the best, but here the developers are our way out - emulator PlayonLinux lets you run on Ubuntu games which is designed for Windows. But this operating system, like all others, has its drawbacks, but only the user is crucial to him or not.
Our users often ask us to choose Ubuntu or Debian. The answer to this question and the analysis of the operating systems in. Maybe you will also be interested in the topic ".
Finally, if you are in doubt about whether to choose Ubuntu to work, we notice the main benefits of the Ubuntu distribution, which attracts users. First of all, this is the free system that is still used for PCs, but soon it can move on smartphones / tablets. Second, large number of applications and drivers that simplify the primary setup of the PC for the user. And finally, an important aspect - ubuntu Security. That is, that is, viruses are protected from Windows. By installing Ubuntu to your server, you instantly get what you need is a working machine.
Company Hyper Host ™. Offers for users and from the installed OS Ubuntu 2021. thus, users will be able to fully enjoy all the benefits of the current version of the system.
In addition, Ubuntu. you can use other OS to work on the server. How to choose an operating system, depending on your tasks, reads.
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